Second Grade - ELA
1: Community
Unit 1: Communities Around the World
Lesson 1
Exploring a Community
Students are asked to write sentences focused on a single topic (places in the community and whether they would rather live in the city or country) in Activity 1 and Activity 3. Adults are instructed to provide assistance as the child writes, to remind the child about capitalization and sentence-ending punctuation, and to encourage sounding out words rather than focusing on spelling. After writing, students are asked to mark parts of their sentences (circle the noun subject and underline the verb), which practices reviewing sentence components.
Lesson 2
Roles of People in Communities
Students write sentences about each community worker (Option 2) and compose a paragraph about the community worker they would like to be (Activity 4), which requires them to focus on a single topic. Students receive adult support through discussion of the worker's role, reading resources together, and the option for an adult to record dictated words. Students are asked to identify sentence parts (noun and verb) and to circle the beginning letter of each sentence and the punctuation at the end, which prompts basic editing for capitalization and end punctuation.
Lesson 3
Goods and Services
Students are asked to plan and write a focused story in Activity 4 ("If You Give a _____ a _____") where they select an animal, organize ideas using three arrows, and complete sentence prompts that keep the story on a single topic. The Skills list includes "Write using an author's model of language," and the lesson tells an adult to explain the expected sequence and to let the child organize ideas and write the story. The extension asks students to think of more sentences and assemble a book, which requires producing additional focused writing.
Lesson 7
Work and Money
Students write responses to focused prompts on the "Making a Choice" activity where they explain a decision and reason (I will ____ because ____). The lesson's skills list includes composing sentences and paragraphs, and Activity 4 has students keep a spelling journal, use vocabulary in sentences, and practice spelling with adult prompting. The directions repeatedly instruct an adult to ask, tell, and encourage the child, indicating guided support while the student composes writing.
Lesson 8
Customs and Holidays
Students are prompted to write sentences about Memorial Day and the Fourth of July and to draw symbols, providing focused writing on the topic of holidays. Students complete a Holiday Book where they write holiday names, dates, and sentences about why each holiday is celebrated and what their family does, and they cut and assemble pages and add a title/author, which requires producing written work on a single topic. An adult is asked to discuss significance with the child and to explain capitalization rules, which provides some guidance and instruction on a writing convention.
Lesson 9
Different Communities
Students choose a country and conduct focused research, recording information on a Country Research graphic organizer and completing related writing tasks (Venn diagram, Similarities and Differences page, and an acrostic poem). Adults are prompted to engage (e.g., "Ask your child..." and discussion prompts), and students are asked to write five questions for a community member from the country. These activities require students to write about a single topic and produce written work that could be refined.
Lesson 10
Communities Change
Students are asked to write beneath each quadrant of the "Changing Seasons Wheel," composing a sentence that describes the community during that season. Students are asked to list or record natural and human resources on the provided activity pages (Options 1 and 2), which involves composing short written entries. Adults are prompted to read aloud, ask guiding questions, and discuss responses with students while they complete these writing tasks.
Lesson 11
Government and the People
Students are asked to write a list of three family activity ideas, record votes using tally marks, and add totals on the Voting and Adding Votes pages. Students write names and leader titles on the Government Flowchart and are reminded that all names start with capital letters. Students draw and write a sentence about how each government service helps them on The Government Helps Citizens pages, focusing their writing on the topic of community services.
Lesson 12
Rules and Laws
Students are asked to produce written responses about rules and laws: in Option 2 they write three rules and three laws, in Option 1 they label statements as rules or laws and name the most important rule and law, and in Activity 3 they write consequences for given situations. The lesson instructs an adult to discuss answers with the child and to help research laws if needed, providing explicit adult guidance during the writing tasks. The spelling activity asks students to write words and fill in sentences, providing additional focused writing practice on the topic vocabulary.
Final Project
Community Brochure
The introduction prompts an adult to ask the child to describe the community, list ideas, and consider how to help others learn about the community, providing adult-guided focus on topic selection. The Activities instruct the child to use the "Community Brochure Organizer" to think about the sentences she wants to include and to record her ideas before creating the brochure, which structures planning and topical focus. The Wrapping Up prompts ask the child what she likes most about her brochure and how she could make it better, offering an opportunity for reflection and informal revision with adult feedback.
Unit 2: Citizenship
Lesson 1
A Good Citizen
Students are prompted to write focused pieces about citizenship, for example by writing a sentence or two about times they exhibited each characteristic (Activity 1, Option 2) and by describing and ordering key events from The Boy Who Cried Wolf in the Scene by Scene activity. Students dictate their ideas while an adult records them and the adult reads the work back, then asks if the student wants to make any changes (Activity 4), which gives direct guidance and an opportunity to revise. Students also write short sentences for each movie-scene box or for journal entries about a community project (Scene by Scene, Activity 3; Community Citizen, Activity 8), reinforcing staying on the assigned topic.
Lesson 3
Diversity in the Community
Students plan and write five interview questions and practice writing question marks (Activity 4). Students write short answers for each interview question based on notes or a recording of the interview, and an adult accompanies and takes notes, providing guidance. The lesson lists the skill "End sentences with correct punctuation (LA)," which supports students practicing sentence-level conventions.
Lesson 6
Leaders in the Community
Students are prompted to write focused pieces about leaders: they complete a Biography Book (fill-in templates or write their own sentences) and write a paragraph about a leader they know. Students write five leadership qualities and give examples from the biography, and they label/draw leaders and write a sentence describing how each is a leader. Adults are instructed to prompt, explain, encourage, and read with the child, which provides adult support during these writing tasks.
Lesson 7
Inventors
Students are asked to write sentences about specific inventions using provided sentence starters (Activity 1) and to write a paragraph about a favorite invention using a guided page (Activity 2), which keeps their writing focused on the topic of inventions. Adults are prompted to discuss sentence structure and to ask guiding questions throughout (e.g., asking the child to circle the subject and underline the predicate, and prompting discussion about how inventions help communities). The activities require students to produce multiple written products (sentences and a paragraph) about the same topic, indicating repeated writing practice with adult involvement.
Final Project
Community Citizens Mobile
Students are given focused writing prompts for each shape (e.g., circle: name, characteristics of the leader, what the person does, how the person helped the community), which requires them to focus on a clear topic for each piece. Adults are positioned to support the student through directions such as "Explain to him" and step-by-step prompts like "Ask your child to cut out each shape" and "Encourage him to draft his ideas on a separate sheet of paper before drawing them on the cardstock shapes." Students are also asked to prepare front and back of each shape and to explain the parts of their mobile when sharing with the family, providing an opportunity for adult or family involvement.
Unit 3: Plants and Animals
Lesson 1
Living and Nonliving
Students focus on the topic of living and nonliving across multiple tasks (scavenger hunt, collage, describing attributes) and record their observations on a structured chart. Students write or participate in writing by listing objects and answering questions on the activity pages, and they dictate a creative story while an adult records it. Students share descriptions with family members and read/listen to a story aloud, showing guided oral/written practice and modeling.
Lesson 2
Animal Structure
Students are asked to write the four different body coverings from a word box and to name a texture and an animal for each covering, which requires focused, topical writing. Option 2 asks students to record a title and label the x- and y-axes on a graph, and to cut out or place animal names, which involves writing/labeling related to the topic. The text notes that an adult should provide assistance as needed and prompts discussion, indicating guided support during these writing and labeling tasks.
Lesson 3
Classifying Animals
Students are asked in Activity 9 to write a paragraph pretending to be an animal and to review the features of a paragraph with an adult, providing both a structured prompt (Option 1) and an open-ended option (Option 2). Students complete planning activities (Venn diagrams in Activity 8 and trait charts in Activity 7) that help them focus on the topic and organize ideas before writing. The activities explicitly instruct an adult to review paragraph features with the child, indicating guided support during the writing task.
Lesson 4
Animal and Plant Communities
Students are asked to write labels for each habitat, record animal names, and describe how each animal would be classified (Options 1 and 2). Students write types of animals on the x-axis, number the y-axis, label axes and give a graph title, and place animal counts on the bar graph (Activity 2). Students are asked to write the names and draw pictures of animals observed at a zoo or aquarium and decide how to classify each animal; the directions repeatedly instruct an adult to ask, help, or guide the child.
Lesson 6
Extinct and Endangered Species
Students are asked to create and record short puppet-show scripts (dinosaurs activity) and to dictate at least two lines for each character, which an adult records. Students read through an existing puppet-show script with adult help and practice performing it, using the provided author-model language skill. The activities require students to write lines focused on the topic of endangered or extinct animals and to rehearse their written dialogue for performance.
Lesson 7
Plants
Students are asked to generate and record a focused narrative in Activity 7: they draw what might grow from a special seed and tell a story about the experience while an adult records their ideas and they illustrate the story. Students practice writing skills in Activity 9 by writing spelling words two to five times and explaining their meanings. Multiple activities (drawing and explaining the beanstalk view, measuring and documenting plant growth) require students to focus on plant-related topics when speaking, drawing, or recording observations.
Lesson 8
The Role of Plants
Students are prompted to write a thank-you letter to the tree using two scaffolded options: a structured template with sentence prompts (Option 1) and an open-ended page where students write every sentence (Option 2). The activities instruct an adult to help record names, to have the child dictate sentences if needed, and to encourage writing a thank-you card to someone in the community. The lesson skills list includes "Compose a variety of written products using a writing process (LA)."
Lesson 9
Comparing Living Things
Students are prompted to write about the topic by completing sentence starters such as "Plants and animals need ___" and "Plants, animals, and humans all need ___." Option 2 explicitly asks students to "Write three sentences about how plants, animals, and humans are the same and different," which has students produce focused written responses. Adult prompts are built in (questions to ask the child, discussion prompts, and guided activities) that provide support while students generate writing.
Lesson 10
Life Cycles
Students are asked to write a diamante poem about a caterpillar/tadpole or frog/butterfly, selecting a topic and using specific word types (adjectives, -ing verbs, nouns) to compose lines. The lesson instructs students to write names of life cycle stages and number pictures in order on the "Discovering Life Cycles" page, requiring focused written responses. The guidance option allows students to dictate words to an adult and the adult provides examples and prompts (e.g., reading more about the animal) to support composition.
Final Project
Nature Guide or Habitat in a Box
Students choose a single habitat topic (nature guide or habitat-in-a-box) and complete focused sections (plants, animals, life cycle, food chains, endangered species), which directs them to stay on topic. Students are instructed to make a copy of project pages so they can use one as a draft and the other as a final copy, implying an opportunity to revise. The instructions call for parental prompts (e.g., "Ask your child…"; "Tell your child…") that indicate adults will support the activity.
2: Matter and Movement
Unit 1: States of Matter
Lesson 1
What Is the World Made Of?
Students label and cut/paste pictures into categories of solids, liquids, and gases (Activity 2 Option 1) and draw and label examples of each state of matter (Activity 2 Option 2). Students are encouraged to write a sentence to describe each balloon after identifying its state (Activity 3). Students also label pictures on activity pages and complete short written tasks as part of categorizing and pattern activities.
Lesson 2
Solids
Students are prompted to list descriptive words or phrases for solids using their five senses and then write sentences about two solids that include at least two of those descriptors (Activity 3). Students draw and label containers and identify the contents as solid, liquid, or gas, producing focused written labels and captions (Activity 6). Students record spelling words three times and use each word in a sentence they can say to an adult, providing additional sentence-writing practice with topic vocabulary (Activity 8).
Lesson 3
Liquids
Activity 5 asks the child to write five sentences about how she uses liquids and reminds her that a sentence starts with a capital letter and ends with a period; she is also asked to circle nouns and underline verbs. Activity 8 asks the child to write one or two sentences about three liquids and label/draw each, reinforcing focus on the topic of liquids. The Skills section explicitly lists "Use basic capitalization and punctuation" and "Use nouns and verbs in sentences," and directions include adult prompts (ask your child, remind her) that guide the writing tasks.
Lesson 4
Bartholomew and the Oobleck
Students are asked in Activity 3 (True or False, Option 1) to read statements, identify false ones, be asked how the statement could be changed to make it true, and then write the new true statement. In Activity 5 (A New Ending) students are prompted to write a new ending for the story, with encouragement to write as much as possible independently and with assistance when needed, then reread and insert their new ending. In Activity 4 students are encouraged to write three sentences that describe the oobleck substance after experimenting with it, focusing their writing on a specific topic.
Lesson 5
Comparing Matter
Students are asked in Activity 3 to draw a liquid and a solid, label each with a noun, select two adjectives for each, and write a sentence about each picture using the adjectives, which requires focusing on a descriptive topic and producing written work. Students label pictures and draw molecule arrangements in Activity 1, and fill in number words and numerals in Activity 4, which require students to write focused responses tied to the topic of matter. Several student activity pages require writing labels, number words, and short sentences tied to the states of matter.
Lesson 6
Changes in States of Matter
Students are asked to draw water in three states and then write a sentence about each picture (Activity 1). Activity 7 directs students to write a complete sentence describing food changes, review capitalization and ending punctuation, and then read each sentence and circle the nouns. The Skills list explicitly includes "Write sentences with correct capitalization and punctuation" and "Use new vocabulary in speech and writing."
Lesson 8
Our Bodies and Our World
Students are asked to plan and write an original short story (Activity 5) using a graphic organizer that prompts setting, characters, problem, events, and solution. The task requires the story to contain at least five references to solids, three to liquids, and one to gas, which focuses students on a specific topical constraint. The lesson tells caregivers to assist with spelling or dictation and gives explicit guidance for how to begin the story (introduce setting and characters, describe the problem and events, end with the solution).
Final Project
States of Matter
Students complete the "States of Matter Test" and are asked to reread questions, attempt missed items again, and get adult help locating information from earlier activities; adults are instructed to go over incorrect items and give the test again the next day. Students create Solids and Liquids collages in which they write the name of each material, three adjectives for solids, and a sentence under each liquid, producing written products that could be reviewed or discussed.
Unit 2: Earth
Lesson 1
Our Planet Earth
Students are asked to write three sentences describing the book You're Aboard Spaceship Earth (Activity 3), which requires focusing on the book's topic. Students are asked to write a letter to an alien about Earth using either a structured fill-in-the-blank sheet or an open-ended template (Activity 4), and are directed to use the book for information. Students write an acrostic poem about EARTH with a provided example and discussion prompts (Activity 5), and the text tells the adult to "provide assistance as needed," indicating adult support is expected.
Lesson 2
Matter on the Planet
Students are prompted to draw and label objects and to write adjectives in designated categories (Hardness, Shape, Color, Size). Students are asked to write a sentence about two items using two adjectives and to, in the Wrapping Up, select one object and pick five adjectives to describe it and list examples of solids, liquids, and gases. The lesson language directs an adult to ask and guide the child through these writing and describing tasks, showing adult support for focusing on a topic.
Lesson 3
Digging Into Dirt
Students are asked to write short focused pieces: Activity 5 asks students to write two or three sentences explaining how they solved the soil mystery; Activity 7 asks students to write a prediction sentence and record results about seed growth; Activity 8 asks students to write four complete sentences about ways the Earth is important. Adult prompting is present throughout (e.g., "ask your child to...") which supports students in producing these focused pieces.
Lesson 4
From the Earth
The lesson's standards and activities explicitly ask students to write sentences (e.g., sentence about how family uses circled materials; write examples of non-matter and a sentence for each) and include the skill "Self-monitor composition by rereading (LA)." Activity 5 instructs students to read each sentence and "see if there are any changes she wants or needs to make," which directs students to revise their writing. Multiple prompts (labeling, describing resources, and using complete sentences and basic capitalization/punctuation) focus students on coherent topics for their writing with adult-guided questioning throughout.
Lesson 5
Rocks
Students are asked to write a short story about their rock (Activity 9) that focuses on what the rock was doing before being found and plans for the rock friend. The lesson allows adult support: students may dictate the story to an adult who records it and then be asked to copy it. Activity 7 asks students to write their own sentences that summarize rules, and Activity 10 has students write spelling words and dictate sentences using the words.
Lesson 6
Water, Water Everywhere
Students are prompted to write short pieces: they write a sentence or two describing how freshwater bodies differ from the ocean (Activity 3), write sentences about different uses of water and rank them (Activity 7), and write a short paragraph describing a newly discovered ocean creature including where it is found, what it eats, and unique features (Activity 8). Adults are instructed to ask, encourage, and help the child with these tasks (e.g., "Ask your child..." and "Help your child read the depth of each level"), which provides guided support while students focus on specific topics.
Lesson 7
Taking Care of the Earth
Students are asked to produce focused written work: Activity 8 asks them to write a free-verse poem about why it is important to take care of the Earth or to make a persuasive poster about recycling and pollution, and Activity 4 asks them to write two or three sentences explaining why recycling is important. The Skills list includes "Compose a variety of products using the writing process (LA)" and directions for activities include reviewing topic ideas (e.g., review ways people pollute and how to improve) before students create their poster or poem. The Making Paper activity also instructs adults to "provide assistance as needed," implying adult support during tasks.
Final Project
Earth Exhibit
Students plan an Earth exhibit and are instructed to write labeled examples of three solids, two liquids, and one gas, with each material accompanied by a sentence about where it is found and a sentence explaining its importance. Students complete planning pages that prompt specific topic-focused writing (Where it is found; What it is used for) and then write out descriptions and directions on exhibit cards. Students assemble a final display and attach their sentences and poem/poster, producing a finished piece of writing for museum visitors.
Unit 3: Balance and Motion
Lesson 1
What Is Balance?
Students are asked to write two or three sentences that describe the main idea of the book, with adult assistance as needed (Activity 1). In Activity 9, students write step-by-step directions, read them aloud, follow them, and are encouraged to make corrections when something does not make sense. Students then give their directions to a family member to try, which provides an opportunity to identify confusing parts and revise their writing.
Lesson 2
What Can Be Balanced?
Students are asked in Activity 4 to write a paragraph about one example of balance they read about, which requires focusing on a single topic. Students complete Activity 3 by filling missing words, rereading each sentence, circling the noun and verb, and selecting sentences to glue and illustrate, which involves producing and reviewing written sentences.
Lesson 5
Gravity
Students are asked to write a short paragraph (three to four sentences) about what life would be like without gravity and draw a picture of their description (Activity 4). Multiple prompts read "Ask your child..." for demonstrations and activities, indicating adults are intended to guide and support student work during activities. The skills list includes language objectives such as listening responsively and using vocabulary to describe ideas, which supports focused writing and topic development.
Final Project
A Wordless Skit
Students use a "Balance and Motion Skit" graphic organizer to record actions and props for specific topic words (Balance, Push, Pull, Gravity, Friction), demonstrating focus on a narrow topic. Students are asked to reread books and reflect on prior activities to gather ideas, and adults are instructed to provide constructive feedback during practice. Students are directed to practice, change ideas that do not work, and rehearse two or three times, which encourages refining their planned responses.
3: Culture
Unit 1: Geography
Lesson 2
Cardinal Directions
Students are asked to write a dated journal entry about a day at sea in Activity 5 and to include all four cardinal directions, which focuses their writing on a single topic. The activity explicitly allows adult support for transcription (students may dictate while an adult records or write key words while an adult fills in minor words), demonstrating guided support during composition. The lesson skills list also includes composing products using the writing process and selecting and using vocabulary in writing, indicating students will practice producing a written piece.
Lesson 3
Landforms and Bodies of Water
Students are prompted to focus on a topic when they choose which body of water they would like to live near and are asked to "write a paragraph to someone who is trying to decide which body of water he wants to move near." Students complete written tasks including sentence-completion paragraphs, labeling and writing sentences on land/water posters, and dictating descriptions of their drawings. The lesson's skill list explicitly includes "Write to discover, develop, and define ideas" and "Write to communicate with an audience," indicating students produce focused pieces for an audience with adult scaffolding (e.g., "Provide assistance as needed").
Lesson 4
Natural Resources
Students are asked to choose a single natural resource to research and to record information about where it is found, how it is made, jobs related to it, and how it is used on the "Researching Resources" sheet, with an adult helping locate sources and read information aloud. Students create a U.S. resource map on poster board, label resources in correct locations, and make a map key, which requires focusing on a specific topic area (natural resources). Adults are explicitly prompted to help and guide students during research and map activities.
Lesson 5
Habitats and Geography
Students are asked to write sentences about how animals or plants are used by people (Option 1 and Option 2) and to write a poem about a local animal using a provided model (Activity 3). Students write sentences about why they would enjoy living in each habitat and draw related pictures (Activity 4). The materials include adult prompting (questions to ask, reading support) and explicit modeling (poem example and suggested copying of habitat names) to support student writing.
Lesson 6
Geography, Weather and Natural Disasters
Students are asked to write a question for each natural disaster and then read about each disaster and have an adult help find answers (Activity 3). Students cut pictures, paste them on a poster, and write three or four sentences describing each disaster, with reminders to begin sentences with capital letters and end with periods. Students also write three or four sentences describing today's weather and related activities (Activity 5), and an adult is instructed to read with and help the child find answers.
Final Project
Geography of a Continent
Students are asked to choose a single continent and use the provided "About the Continent of ___" research page to record bordering oceans, major landforms, bodies of water, resources, habitats, and related facts. Adults are explicitly instructed to help the child find information in the book and online and to assist with creating the poster or preparing the presentation. Students write the continent name, label oceans, record information on the worksheet, and prepare a poster or notes for an oral presentation, showing they focus on a single topic and produce written content with adult support.
Unit 2: People Around the World
Lesson 1
Exploring Culture
Students write about specific cultural elements on the "Looking at My Culture" page, illustrating and composing short responses for jobs, holidays, food, clothing, and homes. Students conduct an interview with an adult-supported community member, take notes or listen to a recording, and then fill in answers on the Interview sheet. An adult is directed to help with the interview and to guide a compare-and-contrast discussion using scaffolded questions, showing support during students' writing and reflection.
Lesson 2
Traditions
Students are asked to write a sentence about the importance of each holiday on the Holidays page and to draw corresponding symbols, which focuses their writing on a specific topic. Students complete the "My Favorite Holiday" page where they write multiple prompted sentences and illustrate the holiday, and they are reminded about subject/predicate and correct end punctuation. Many instructions use adult prompts (e.g., "Ask your child", "Remind him"), indicating that adults will provide guidance and support as students write.
Lesson 3
Different Religions
Students are directed to write on a clear, focused topic in the "Writing About My Beliefs" activity where they fill in sentences about family beliefs and illustrate something important. Adults are prompted to discuss the family's beliefs with the child and to ask the child to write in a way that helps another person understand those beliefs, providing adult guidance during the task. The Life Application asks students to write questions to learn about a friend's religion, which provides additional guided writing practice on a specific topic.
Lesson 4
Homes and Culture
Students are asked to write a paragraph about a family tradition using a guided worksheet that supplies sentence starters (Option 1) or to write their own complete paragraph (Option 2). Students are prompted to identify nouns and verbs in their sentences and to check that sentences begin with capital letters and end with periods. The Skills section lists "Compose a variety of written products," and multiple activities ask students to write short descriptive pieces (e.g., materials used for a house, room names and purposes).
Lesson 5
Transportation in Culture
Students compose brief personal writings in Activity 1 by writing about a time they used a form of transportation and are encouraged to expand to more complex sentences. Students complete a guided narrative in Activity 3 ("My Day as a ____") and are prompted to correct capitalization of proper nouns after finishing. Students also complete sentence-based spelling exercises in Activity 5 that require writing words in context and copying them multiple times, providing supported practice with sentence-level writing.
Lesson 6
American Culture
Students are asked to write a sentence about a personal symbol after drawing it and to fill in labeled sections (famous song, symbol, home, leader, jobs) inside an outline of the United States, which requires focusing on specific topics. The lesson directs an adult to show the child how to begin and end a letter and asks the child to write a letter to a child from another country, providing guided support and modeling for composition. The skills list explicitly includes "Compose a variety of written products (LA)," indicating writing tasks are expected.
Lesson 7
History of America
Students are asked to produce written work in several activities: they make a list of twelve items for a long journey (Activity 4), record and label Thanksgiving food groups and create a paper-plate representation (Activity 5), and write three ways American culture has changed using a Venn diagram comparison (Activity 8). The lesson includes adult-led discussion prompts and guided questioning throughout the activities that focus students on the topic of cultural change and historical differences.
Lesson 8
Asian Culture
Students are asked to create a "Guidebook to Asia" and to write about each topic as they learn, including a specific task to "write a paragraph about what you would enjoy about living in Asia" and to "write three things" to help a child adapt to America. The text repeatedly instructs an adult to help the child (for example, "help her locate information," "you will have to help since the directions are fairly complex," and "Tell your child that her job... is to create a guidebook"), indicating guided support for the writing tasks. The skills list also includes "Respond and elaborate in answering what, when, and how questions" and "Select and use new vocabulary in speech and writing," which relate to composing focused writing.
Unit 3: Stories Around the World
Lesson 1
Fiction or Nonfiction
Activity 2 asks students to read two fiction books with an adult, write the title and author, and write one sentence describing each story and why they liked or disliked it. The introduction and activities direct an adult to read with the child and ask questions, providing adult guidance as students produce written responses about specific stories. Activity 3 has students write titles for their own fiction and nonfiction book covers, and Activity 5 has students write authors' last-name initials to arrange books alphabetically, all requiring brief written work focused on specific topics.
Lesson 2
Character
Students write descriptive words about a character (Activity 1) and record what the character thinks, says, and does (Activity 2). Students use those notes to add or change descriptive words after rereading the story, and they write names, describing words, an action, and a thought for characters and tell short stories based on those descriptions (Activity 3). Adult support is built in: an adult may record student dictation and asks follow-up questions throughout the activities.
Lesson 4
Plot
Students plan and focus a topic by using the "Creating the Plot of a Story" chart to organize a character, problem, three events, and a solution. Students produce a draft by telling a story while an adult records it and then hear the draft read back. Students are prompted to consider changes when the adult asks if there is anything they want to change about the story and then read the story aloud.
Lesson 6
Cinderella Stories Around the World
Students complete the "Cinderella Elements Chart" by filling in story elements for Yeh-Shen, The Egyptian Cinderella, and The Irish Cinderlad, which requires them to write about a focused topic. Students write similarities and differences in a Venn diagram comparing two stories and record spelling words and their meanings in a spelling journal. Adults are explicitly directed to prompt, ask questions, and assist the child during these activities, showing guided support.
Lesson 7
Theme
Students are asked to select a theme and then make up a new story with that same lesson (Activity 4), focusing their writing on a clear topic. As students dictate their story, an adult records it, and then students read it aloud and are prompted to decide if they want to make any changes and to make those changes. Activity 5 asks students to read information about chosen animals and update their story to integrate facts, explicitly directing them to revise their writing to strengthen content.
Lesson 9
Poetry
Students are asked to write a focused month poem in Activity 3 using a provided template and example (select a month and write a poem with the last words rhyming). Adults are instructed to read examples, give the student the poem page, and ask guided questions during reading activities (Activities 1 and 2) which provide adult support and topical focus. Activity 5 asks students to rewrite nursery rhyme lines breaking them into syllables, which requires them to produce written text and engage in a form of rewriting.
Final Project
A New Cinderella
The lesson requires students to use two copies of the story outline (one draft and one final) and explicitly tells students to write on the draft, then read their story and make changes before producing a final copy. It directs adults to provide support with writing, to record dictated sentences, to let the child copy the final text (using her ideas), and to point out spelling changes, which shows guided editing. The Organizing My Story graphic organizer and sentence-by-sentence prompts require students to focus on a single topic (their Cinderella story) and to organize ideas before drafting.
4: Relationships
Unit 1: Living Things and Their Environment
Lesson 5
Rivers
Students are asked to pick a single life cycle and draw its four stages and then write a simple sentence for each stage in their own words (Activity 4), which requires focusing on one topic and composing sentences. Students also create a picture dictionary and write each spelling word three times (Activity 6), providing additional opportunities to produce written text. Multiple activities are presented with parent prompts and discussion, indicating writing occurs with adult guidance.
Unit 2: The Miraculous Journey of Edward Tulane
Lesson 1
Relationships
Students are asked to focus on a single topic when they describe their relationship with a favorite stuffed animal and write three sentences about its personality. An adult reads the novel aloud and discusses chapters with the child, providing guidance and support during comprehension and discussion. The vocabulary activity has students reread sentences and self-correct word meaning by substituting definitions, modeling a form of guided revision for word choice.
Lesson 5
Emotions
Students are asked to write a "Goodbye Note" as Edward to Lawrence and Nellie, with guided prompts that focus the content on Edward's feelings about leaving. An adult models and prompts revision by telling students to make sure the note "shows the emotions" rather than just listing them and by giving a specific revision example ("I was sad to leave" → "I cried silent tears when I left"). The lesson also guides students to discuss quotes and differences in relationships to help them focus ideas before writing, and it allows students to dictate to an adult if needed.
Lesson 10
Illustrations
Students practice editing punctuation by inserting missing apostrophes on the "Apostrophes for Possession" activity using sentences taken from the story. Students produce focused written responses by copying a quote beneath their own illustration, completing the "Explain an Illustration" organizer (who/what/when/where), and retelling the story environments in chronological order. Students also write brief explanations of why an illustration is their favorite, which requires staying on a chosen topic.
Lesson 11
Building Sentences
Students practice strengthening sentences by expanding them with conjunctions (Activity 1) and by adding adjectives and changing word order to make sentences more interesting (Activity 3). An adult is directed to prompt, confirm that students' sentences make sense, and guide choices (e.g., asking the child to identify conjunctions and confirming sentence sense). Multiple writing tasks focus on a single topic (Edward's relationships) including a Relationship Timeline where students write sentences describing each relationship.
Final Project
Chalkboard Presentation
Students create focused slides (Opinion of the Story; Favorite Part; Favorite Relationship) that require them to pick a specific topic and write a sentence explaining their opinion or reasoning. Students practice presenting their slides aloud and receive feedback from an adult during the Practice Presentation step. The Wrapping Up section has students discuss what they did well and consider specific improvements, and the Practice Presentation instructs students to make appropriate adjustments after feedback.
Unit 3: Connecting with the Past
Lesson 2
Colonization and the Revolution
Students are guided by an adult to write timeline entries and labels (e.g., adding dates and labels for Jamestown, Thanksgiving, the Declaration of Independence, and George Washington) which focuses their writing on a historical topic. Students write short responses on the "Colonists and the American Revolution" page, fill in blanks on the George Washington page, and write things they are thankful for on cut-out leaves, demonstrating focused, topical writing tasks. An adult is repeatedly instructed to discuss topics with the child and assist with tasks, indicating adult support during these writing activities.
Lesson 3
Slavery and the Civil War
Students are guided to focus on specific topics (Henry Box Brown, Harriet Tubman, Abraham Lincoln, and the Civil War) by completing targeted writing tasks such as listing five character traits with evidence, adding dates/pictures/descriptions to a timeline, and filling in Famous Americans pages. An adult is asked to read aloud, explain context, assist with assembling the cube, and prompt the student to rewatch videos if answers are missing, providing direct support during writing activities. Students also complete a sentence-completion page ("Because the Civil War was fought, today ________") that requires them to focus their response on the topic's consequences.
Lesson 5
Civil Rights
Students are asked to write about how the Civil Rights Movement has impacted the country on the "Civil Rights" page (Activity 4) and to draw a picture to represent that time in history. Students complete "Famous Americans" pages for Rosa Parks and Martin Luther King, Jr., which require written responses and coloring (Activity 3). An adult is prompted to discuss videos, ask leading questions, and "explain to your child," indicating adult guidance while students produce spoken and written answers.
6: Reading
Unit 1: Semester 1
Lesson 1
Word Families and Long Vowel Review
Students write sentences in the Sentence Scramble activity and are asked to read them aloud, with the teacher prompting about sentence beginnings and capitalization. In Word Pairs and other writing tasks, students fill in blanks, trace letters, and are asked to correct any spelling mistakes after checking work. The lesson repeatedly directs an adult to assist, check work, and prompt the child to sound out and read back words and sentences.
Lesson 3
Complex Consonants Review
Students write and order words to form a correct sentence in Activity 4.3 (Sentence Scramble) and then read the sentence aloud. Students fill in missing words in Activity 5.1 (Fill in the Blanks) and receive adult help to check and correct any spelling mistakes. Students generate lists of words in the Magic Hat activity and are asked in Wrapping Up to write three or four difficult words and spell the longest word they can, providing opportunities for adult-supported spelling correction.
Lesson 4
R-Controlled Vowels Review
Students practice writing and composing at the sentence level in the Sentence Scramble activity by rearranging jumbled words to form a coherent sentence, writing it, and reading it aloud. In Activity 5.1 students are asked to write words in vowel-columns, read them back, and "check her work, and ask her to correct any mistakes," which requires students to identify and correct errors. The Life Application invites students to dictate a short sentence, have the teacher write each word on index cards, and then put the sentence back together, with instructions to "check their work."
Lesson 7
More Long Vowel Spellings
Students are asked to write and copy words (Activity 3.3 Option 1; multiple activities instruct the child to write words on the laminated writing sheet and to write words in the correct columns, e.g., Activity 3.1). Students are directed to identify and circle correct spellings and to correct mistakes when prompted by an adult (Activity 5.1: "Point out any mistakes, and allow him to correct them"). Several activities provide adult support and prompting as students spell, write, and glue words (e.g., "assist with writing as needed," "provide assistance with cutting"), indicating guided practice in producing and correcting written words.
Lesson 13
Making Plurals
Students are asked to write plural forms on multiple activity pages (e.g., 'Writing Plurals', 'Building Plurals') and to read their writing aloud. The teacher prompts include checking work and helping correct mistakes (e.g., "Check his work, and help him correct any mistakes"; "Correct him as needed"). Students sort, write, and then re-read words after adding s or es, which involves making and correcting spelling choices for plural endings.
Unit 2: Semester 2
Lesson 6
Possessives
Students rewrite sentences to use possessive forms in Activity 5.2, converting full descriptive sentences into concise possessive constructions (e.g., "The house where my grandpa lives is far away." → "My grandpa's house is far away."). Activities 1.2 and 4.3 have students write possessive phrases and add apostrophes with adult assistance (e.g., "Jaden's shoe," "the rabbit's ears"). The lesson includes explicit discussion of punctuation and asks students to consider ending punctuation (question mark, exclamation point) when they rewrite sentences.
Lesson 8
Two-Syllable Words with Silent e
Students are asked to write short sentences using lesson sight words and two chosen two-syllable silent-e words in Activity 5.2, with reminders to start sentences with a capital and end with appropriate punctuation. Students reread the story and give an oral summary in Activity 4.1, then receive verbal feedback about what they did well and how they can improve. Multiple activities direct the adult to check students' work and help correct mistakes (e.g., checking silent-e word sorting and highlighted words), indicating guided support during writing-related tasks.
Lesson 9
Vowel Teams
Students are asked to write in Activity 3.1 ("Just Around the Corner") where they think of three things that will happen soon and write about them, choosing one to illustrate. Activity 4.1 asks students to summarize the story "Ice Cream," explicitly prompting them to write a concise description of main events. Additional writing practice appears in Activity 3.2 (Sight Word Rainbow) where students write sight words multiple times and in Activity 5.1 (Weather Chart) where students record words over several days. Several activities note that parents should "assist as needed," indicating adult support during these writing tasks.
Lesson 11
Consonant + le Syllables
Students are asked to write five sentences that each contain 1–2 target consonant+le words (Activity 5.2), which focuses their writing on a specific topic. An adult is instructed to remind students about sentence conventions (capital letters and ending punctuation) and to require correct spelling of the target words, providing guided support. The "Double or Not?" activity asks students to choose correct spellings in context, which gives practice in recognizing and selecting correct word forms.
Lesson 12
Suffixes
Students compose and record oral stories using the eight party theme words (Activity 2.1) and complete several written prompts such as the "Magic Purple Pebble" sentence and illustration activity (Activity 4.1). Students fill in story-element details in a graphic organizer and complete fill-in-the-blank and sentence-level writing tasks (Activity 3.1, Day 5 "It's My Party"). Adults are directed to help with spelling and to correct spelling errors as needed, and students are asked to write and read their sight words and revised word forms aloud (Activities that prompt adult support for spelling and correction).
Lesson 15
Semester Review
Students write sentences using target words (Activity 5.3 asks students to write four sentences using qu and a words) and are reminded to use capitalization and end punctuation. Students receive adult help to correct spellings and read sentences aloud in several activities (Spelling Review asks an adult to help correct misspellings and have students read each sentence; Prefix/Suffix asks adults to help correct spelling and ask students to pronounce and define words). Students are also asked to read sentences back to check that their answers make sense (Contractions and Possessives Review).
Final Project
Write Your Own Story
The Skills list explicitly states students will "with guidance and support from adults, strengthen writing as needed by revising and editing." Students plan their topic using the Story Idea page (characters, setting, beginning/middle/end) and draft six pages on notecards across Days 2–3. Activity 4.1 directs students to read through their notecards with adult help to correct spelling and grammar and to use a colored pen to edit before producing a final copy.
