HOMESCHOOL AND DISTANCE LEARNING
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5: Math

Unit 1

Unit 1: Place Value

Students write and insert parentheses in expanded notation (e.g., (3 (x) 1,000,000) + (4 (x) 100,000) ...) and are instructed to draw parentheses around each place-value group in the foldable activity. In Activity 3 (Big Number Search) students evaluate numerical expressions that include parentheses, such as 5 × (100,000 + 10,000 + 100) + (1 × 2 × 100) + (5 × 10) + (4 × 1). Students convert expanded-notation terms into their numeric totals in multiple activities and answer the resulting numerical values on worksheets and puzzles.
Students encounter and work with numerical expressions that include parentheses in multiple places. The "Try It!" activity asks students to write 2,167 from expressions such as (9 × 10^2) + (5 × 10^1) + 4, requiring them to evaluate the grouped multiplication before adding. Expanded notation examples repeatedly show parentheses around multiplicative terms, e.g., (8 × 0.1) + (2 × 0.01), and students complete practice converting these expressions to standard number form.
Students are given parenthesized numerical expressions in Unit 1 Quiz 2 Part 1 (for example, (8 × 1/10) + (3 × 1/100) + (2 × 1/1000)) and asked to write each expression in number form. The answer key and image show decimal expanded notation using parentheses, e.g., (3 × 1) + (4 × 0.1) + (8 × 0.01) + (5 × 0.001), and provide the evaluated results (0.832, 3.485, etc.). Students use these parenthesized expressions to compute and record the corresponding decimal numbers.
Students are asked to write numbers in fraction expanded notation that uses parentheses and multiplication, for example: "(2 × 1) + (4 × 1/10) + (7 × 1/100)" and "(3 × 1) + (6 × 1/10) + (0 × 1/100) + (9 × 1/1000)." The student pages and answer key show these parenthesized expressions explicitly and require students to convert between decimal, word, fraction, and expanded notation forms using those parenthetical groupings. Students also complete fill-in problems and evaluate decimal-place expressions that are presented in an algebraic-sum form using parentheses.
Unit 2

Unit 2: Four Operations

Students are asked to place parentheses in the expression 3 × 2 + 4 and evaluate both (3 × 2) + 4 = 10 and 3 × (2 + 4) = 18, showing explicit practice using grouping symbols to change order of operations. The "Parentheses and Brackets First!" activity has students cut, match, and evaluate expressions that include parentheses such as 3 × (6 − 2), (6 + 2) × 3, and 6 + (2 × 3). Students also translate verbal descriptions into expressions with parentheses and solve age problems that include expressions like (9 × 6) − 6 and 100 − (3 × 6) = 82.
The Parent Plan skills statement explicitly lists "Use parentheses, brackets, or braces in numerical expressions, and evaluate expressions with these symbols." Activity 1 asks students to write examples in the first box showing parentheses and square brackets and to keep the page for reference. The Unit 2 Quiz asks students to translate verbal statements into expressions that use parentheses (e.g., 4 x (3 + 6), (36 ÷ 3) – 10) and to solve expressions that include parentheses (e.g., (3 x 5) – 9; 5 x (10 – 4)).
Students solve multiple expressions that include parentheses (e.g., 5 × (2 + 4), (9 - 4) × 3, 16 - (3 × 2)^2) and are instructed to "Show every step" when evaluating using PEMDAS. Students write numerical expressions for word problems that require parentheses (e.g., 12 × (2 + 5) for the candy problem) and complete a task that asks them to place parentheses to get specified results. The PEMDAS Dice Game and sample problems explicitly present expressions with parentheses and a power (e.g., (___ × ___) + ___ - ___^2) that students must evaluate and manipulate.
Students write and evaluate numerical expressions that include parentheses in multiple activities (e.g., problems like (9 - 5) × 6, 18 - (5 + 1) + 6, 6 × (10 - 7), and (2 × 6) - 9). Students are asked to write expressions from verbal descriptions that require grouping (e.g., "6 times the sum of 5 and 3" → 6×(5+3)) and to draw parentheses to make given expressions true (problems 19–22). Matching and review items explicitly present and require interpretation of expressions with parentheses (e.g., 5 × (9 + 6)).
The Parent Plan lists as a skill: "Use parentheses, brackets, or braces in numerical expressions, and evaluate expressions with these symbols." The Order of Operations/PEMDAS presentation page asks students to "write the order of operations and explain PEMDAS" and to provide a "mathematical expression to be solved" with "Steps Using Numbers" and "Steps in Words." Students are instructed to "show all of the steps needed to solve a mathematical expression while explaining how the order of operations works," which requires evaluating expressions following grouping symbols (parentheses) and operation order.
Unit 3

Unit 3: Measurement

Students are asked to evaluate arithmetic expressions that include parentheses in the Basic Skills Review (for example: Solve: (15 + 3) + (6 x 4) - 10). The answer key and worked examples repeatedly show expressions with parentheses and require students to compute grouped operations (for example: (15 ÷ 3) + (6 × 4) – 10).
Students encounter and evaluate numerical expressions that include parentheses in multiple places (for example: 5 x (6 + 4) x (7 - 3) and 24 + 6 ÷ (10 x 2) - 13) and the Basic Skills Review answer key shows stepwise evaluation of those expressions. Several practice problems require students to compute results of expressions that use parentheses, and the answer key demonstrates correct evaluation respecting the grouped operations.
Several items require students to evaluate numerical expressions that include parentheses. Basic Skills Review Problem 5 asks students to compute 196 ÷ 7 – (2.5 × 8) + 11, explicitly using parentheses around the multiplication. Basic Skills Review Problem 10 asks students to evaluate 12 × (3 + 11) × 9, also requiring evaluation of an expression with parentheses.
Unit 4

Unit 4: Adding and Subtracting Fractions

Students are given numerical expressions that include parentheses to evaluate, for example: Solve: (4 + 3) × 10 ÷ 2 + (5 × 6) and Solve: 4 × (15 ÷ 3) + (6 × 3) − 4 in the Basic Skills Review. The activities require students to carry out operations inside parentheses and then complete remaining operations, so students practice evaluating expressions that include grouping symbols. The review problems explicitly ask students to compute the value of expressions containing parentheses.
Students are asked to evaluate the numerical expression 7 × (18 ÷ 3) + (7 × 3) − 4 in the Basic Skills Review #11, which requires them to work with parentheses and perform operations in the correct order. The Basic Skills Review also includes other multi-step number sentences that prompt students to interpret and compare expressions, showing at least incidental exposure to grouping symbols in evaluation.
Students are asked to evaluate a numerical expression with grouping symbols on the Basic Skills Review #12: "37 × (24 ÷ 8) + (6 × 5) − 13," and the answer key shows the solution to that expression. The review item requires students to perform operations inside parentheses and then complete the remaining computations, so students practice evaluating an expression that uses parentheses.
Students are asked to solve an explicit numerical expression containing parentheses in Basic Skills Review #13 item 10: "11 x (21 + 7) + (6 x 7 x 3)", which requires evaluating grouped operations. The review problems include other arithmetic expressions that require computation of grouped multiplications and additions, so students practice computing values in expressions that use parentheses.
Unit 5

Unit 5: Multiplying Fractions

The Basic Skills Review #14 includes an expression students must evaluate that uses parentheses: "11 x (49 + 7) + (4 x 7) – 11." The Parent Plan and skills lists also present product notation using parentheses (for example, "(a/b)(x) q") and the lesson shows many arithmetic expressions where parentheses appear in answers and worked examples.
The Basic Skills Review includes problem 10: "Solve the expression 8 × (81 + 9) + (5 × 3) - 13," so students evaluate a numerical expression that uses parentheses. Students also evaluate the two grouped subexpressions (81 + 9) and (5 × 3) as part of solving the problem, providing direct practice with parentheses and order of operations. The lesson repeatedly uses parentheses in example problems and practice items in the review worksheet.
Students are asked to simplify an expression that includes parentheses in the Basic Skills Review: "11 x (56 ÷ 8) + (6 x 36) - 16," indicating they will evaluate numerical expressions with grouping symbols. The review instructions explicitly tell students to use order of operations to solve that expression. The curriculum also uses parentheses to denote multiplication in formulas (e.g., L (x) W), showing parentheses appear in numeric contexts throughout the materials.
Unit 6

Unit 6: Geometry

Students complete the Basic Skills Review #17 which includes a multi-step arithmetic problem written with parentheses: "14 (x) (63 (/) 9) + (7 (x) 2) (-) 11 (101)". Students also perform multi-step arithmetic problems (fraction multiplication, recipe scaling, combined operations) that require evaluating grouped operations. Students are asked to show work on scratch paper and label units, supporting evaluation of numerical expressions.
The Basic Skills Review #18 includes the numerical expression 9 x (64 + 8) ÷ (3 x 7), and the parent answer key shows work and a final evaluation for that expression. Students are asked to solve mixed arithmetic problems on the Basic Skills Review, which requires them to work with at least one set of parentheses in a numerical expression.
The Basic Skills Review #19 includes numerical expressions that use parentheses, for example Problem 10 which presents an expression written with parentheses and multiplication/division (e.g., 9 × (225 + 15) ÷ (5 × 6)). The answer key also shows worked arithmetic involving grouped terms in parentheses. These items require students to evaluate expressions that include at least one set of parentheses.
Unit 7

Unit 7: Dividing Fractions

The Basic Skills Review #20 includes a problem described as a "Combination of operations with order of operations (equation solving)" and the answer key shows expressions using parentheses (for example, 7 × (156 ÷ 12) + (7 × 6) ...). Students are asked to solve order-of-operations problems, which requires evaluating numerical expressions that include parentheses.
Students are asked to evaluate a numerical expression containing parentheses in the "Basic Skills Review #21" (problem 10: 6 × (156 + 12) + (4 × 7) − 19). The answer key and task require students to compute the value of an expression with grouped terms, so students practice evaluating expressions that include parentheses.
The Basic Skills Review #22 includes a multi-step numerical expression that uses parentheses for grouping (for example, (5 × 4) × (72 ÷ 9) + (3 × 11)), and students are expected to evaluate it. The Unit 7 Quiz 2 and several answer keys show expressions with parentheses and require students to compute values of grouped expressions.
Unit 8

Unit 8: Volume

Students are given formulas written with parentheses such as Perimeter = (2 (x) length) + (2 (x) width) and examples that show evaluation: (2 (x) 8) + (2 (x) 3) = 22 ft. Multiple answer keys and practice problems show students computing expressions like 14.4 (x) 4 = 57.6 and (9/2) (x) (9/2) = 81/4, indicating evaluation of grouped multiplication expressions. Students complete tasks that require them to write formulas in the provided spaces and compute numerical results using those grouped expressions.
The Basic Skills Review includes an order-of-operations problem that contains parentheses: 72 - 10 + 2 × (3 × 4), which students are asked to solve. The review also has students compare numerical expressions (13 × 11 - 54 and 156 ÷ 12 × 6.5), so students practice evaluating multi-step numerical expressions. The answer key shows solutions for these problems, indicating students perform evaluation that involves parentheses and standard operation order.
The Basic Skills Review includes the problem "Solve: 16 – 5 × (10 – (16 ÷ 2) + (30 – 27))" and the answer key shows the evaluated result (9), so students practice evaluating a numerical expression with nested parentheses. The review and its answer key require students to perform order-of-operations steps that involve parentheses and inner grouped expressions. No other parts of the lesson explicitly teach writing or using grouping symbols, but this item gives direct practice in evaluating expressions with parentheses.
Students read explicit examples that place parentheses around factors in volume calculations (e.g., (5 x 4) x 6 = 20 x 6 = 120) and are told to evaluate the grouped operations first according to the order of operations. Students complete a Basic Skills Review problem that contains parentheses in an expression ((4 + 3) x 10 ÷ 2 + (5 x 6)) and must evaluate it. Students are instructed about PEMDAS and shown multiple worked examples where parentheses are used and evaluated step by step.
Students see and compute expressions that use grouping for base area, for example the lesson displays (l × w) = B and (5 × 3) = 15 and then uses that result in (15 × 4) = 60. Students are asked to write math sentences to show how to find volume and complete problems that require evaluating expressions such as 4 × 4 = 16 and 16 × 5 = 80. The example solving for a missing dimension shows students writing and simplifying 400 = 10 × 8 × h to 400 = 80 × h and then evaluating the resulting expression.
Unit 9

Unit 9: Skills Review

Students are asked to review order of operations (PEMDAS) by watching a video and by playing an online game that requires them to evaluate expressions following the order of operations. The Parent Plan and 'Ideas to Think About' explicitly prompt students to consider how to use order of operations to solve mathematical expressions.