Semester 2

Unit Review Sheet

Facts and Definitions

Lesson 1: Compound Words

• Compound words are words that are made up of two words (examples: baseball, headlamp).

Lesson 2: The Six Syllable Types

• A syllable is a word or word part that has one vowel sound.
• There are six syllable types: closed, open, silent e (sometimes called magic e), vowel team, r-controlled, and consonant + le
• A closed syllable ends in a consonant, and the vowel sound is usually short (for example, in "rab-bit" both syllables are closed).
• An open syllable ends in a vowel, and the vowel sound is usually long (for example, "ho-tel").
• In silent e syllables, the syllable ends with a silent e that makes the vowel sound long (for example, "es-cape").
• In a vowel team, the vowel sound is made by a group of vowels and sometimes by a vowel and y or w (for example, "read-er" or "pay-back").
• In an r-controlled syllable, the syllable ends in a vowel + r, and the r affects how the vowel is pronounced (for example, "per-fect").
• In a consonant + le syllable, the syllable ends with le and makes the schwa (unstressed e) sound (for example, "ta-ble").

Lesson 3: Open and Closed Syllables

• Fiction books include elements made up by the author.
• To split a two-syllable word into syllables, first underline the vowels and then count the number of consonants between the vowels.
• The Tiger rule says that if there is one consonant between the underlined vowels, draw the division line before the consonant (for example, ti | ger). The first syllable will be open.
• The Camel rule says that if there is one consonant between the underlined vowels and the Tiger rule doesn't work, draw the division line after the consonant (for example, cam | el). The first syllable will be closed.
• The Rabbit rule says that if there are two consonants between the underlined vowels, draw the division line between the consonants (for example, rab | bit). The first syllable will be closed.

Lesson 4: Syllables with R-Controlled Vowels

• In r-controlled syllables, the syllable includes at least one r and has a vowel before the r (for example, "per-son").
• Personification is when you give human qualities to something that isn't human.
• The plot of a story is the main points in the story and the order in which they happen.

Lesson 5: Two-Syllable Words Ending in y

• The letter y is sometimes used as a vowel in a word, especially in two-syllable words that end in y.
• When a two-syllable word ends in y, the y makes the long e sound, as in "puppy."
• When a word ending in consonant + y is made plural, the y changes to i before es is added. The same is true for ed, er, and est endings.

Lesson 6: Possessives

• A possessive word shows that something belongs to someone or something.
• An apostrophe is a punctuation mark that, with an s, shows that something belongs to someone or something.
• A noun is a word that is a person, place, thing, or idea.

Lesson 7: Contractions

• A contraction is a shortened word formed when two words are combined.
• In a contraction, an apostrophe replaces one or more letters.

Lesson 8: Two-Syllable Words with Silent e

• A summary is telling the most important parts of a story in your own words.
• A silent-e syllable can appear in the first or second syllable of a two-syllable word.

Lesson 9: Vowel Teams

• The Weasel grouping rule says that if a two-syllable word contains a vowel team, use one underline for both letters.
• Some words are split into syllables between two vowels (for example, "poem").
• The Lion syllable division rule says that if two vowels are side by side but do not form a vowel team, draw the line between the vowels.

Lesson 10: Consonant Teams

• A character trait is a word or phrase that describes how a character in a book behaves or acts.
• In a consonant team, the consonant sound is made by a blend or digraph (for example, "pan-ther").
• A digraph is a combination of two letters that together make one new sound (for example, th and sh).
• A blend is a combination of two or three letters in which each letter makes its sound (for example, sn in "snake" and sk in "mask").
• The Panther syllable division rule says that blends and digraphs stick together when you divide a word into syllables. If there are three consonants between the underlined vowels, mark blends and digraphs so they stay together.

Lesson 11: Consonant + le Syllables

• An inference is making a guess about something you do not know for sure based on information you do know.
• The Turtle syllable division rule says that if a two-syllable word ends in a consonant + le, you count back three from the end and draw the dividing line (for example, tur | tle).
• The consonant before the le is doubled if the first syllable is closed (like "bubble"). It is not doubled if the first syllable is open (like "bugle").

Lesson 12: Suffixes

• A suffix is a letter or group of letters added to the end of a word to make a new word.
• Story elements are the details of a story. They include character, setting, problem, and solution.

Lesson 13: Prefixes

• A prefix is a pair or group of letters added to the beginning of a word to make a new word.
• A poem is a piece of writing that uses interesting words to stir the imagination or emotions of the reader.

Lesson 14: Words Starting with q or a

• When qu is followed by a, it often changes the short a sound to short o.
• When the letter a comes at the beginning of a word, it most commonly makes a short a, long a, or /uh/ sound.
• Context clues are hints and other details in a sentence that help you understand the meaning of a mystery word.

Lesson 15: Semester Review

• [none]

Final Project: Write Your Own Story

• [none]